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寒冷地区地基土的冻胀与融沉,往往引起建筑物产生冻害裂缝,按其性质可分为稳定裂缝与不稳定裂缝两种类型。本文主要讨论冻害裂缝发生原因、型式及实例分析,冻害事故处理和防治措施等几个方面。 一、冻害裂缝发生原因与型式 建在冻土上的建筑物,由于朝向不同及采暖的影响,基础周边冻结深度发展不均匀,通常角端冻深较大,墙中部较小(表1)。从冻结时间上看,冻结到基础底面的时间是不同的,也是四角先冻,中间稍后(表2)。
The frost heaving and thawing of foundation soil in cold regions often cause frozen cracks in buildings, which can be divided into two types: stable cracks and unstable fractures. This article mainly discusses the causes of frozen cracking, the type and analysis of examples, the handling of freezing accidents and preventive measures. 1. Causes and Types of Freezing Damage Cracks Due to the different orientations and heating effects of buildings built on frozen soils, the depth of frozen ground around the foundation has been developing unevenly. Usually, the frozen depth of corners is larger and the middle of the walls is smaller (Table 1). From the freeze time point of view, the time to freeze to the base floor is different, it is also frozen in the corners, and later in the middle (Table 2).