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通过对晚清至今颐村家庭教养环境、家长、教养、子女四要素的系统历史人类学考察,乡村家庭教养变迁呈现出如下历时态:在发展实况上,晚清为“五服”之内的家族教养、民国时期为“三代”祖荫下的大家庭教养、新中国成立三十年间为直系家庭中的父母教养、改革开放后为核心家庭中的祖辈隔代协理教养;在发展趋势上,家庭教养主体由广泛转向狭小、教养意识与责任由自觉自主转向相对依赖推卸,教养内容由德行转向智识、教养方式由严格严厉转向宽容溺爱。
Through the systematic historical anthropological investigation of the four factors of family rearing environment, parents, parenting and children since the late Qing dynasty, the changes of family rearing in the village show the following diachronic phenomena: in the development of reality, the late Qing Dynasty is the “five suits” Within the family rearing, the Republic of China for the “three generations” grandfather of the family upbringing, the founding of New China for the immediate family of parents in three decades after the reform and opening up as the core family in the ancestors inter-generational co-ordination; In the development trend, the main body of family rearing turned from narrow to broad, the consciousness and responsibility of rearing up shifted from being independent and relying on the relative reliance, the content of rearing education shifted from morality to knowledge, and the mode of rearing up was changed from strict to severe.