人类时刻面临着新发突发传染病的威胁,在过去的30年里,几乎每年都有1-2种新发传染病出现。在所有的新发传染病中,超过70%都是由病毒导致的。新发传染病的产生有自然因素,也有人为因素。病原微生物为了适应新的生态环境、适应宿主环境而发生生态进化是永恒的,这是导致出现新病原体的内在因素。但人为因素也是极为重要的原因。人口数量的急剧增长,以及城市化进程,不仅改变了人类的生活方式,而且导致人类对环境资源过度掠夺,迫使野生动 Mankind has always been at risk of emerging epidemics, and in the past 30 years there have been about 1-2 emerging infectious diseases almost every year. More than 70% of all new infectious diseases are caused by viruses. Emerging new infectious diseases have natural factors, but also human factors. In order to adapt to a new ecological environment, pathogenic microorganisms adapt to the host environment and the evolution of the ecological evolution is eternal, which is leading to the emergence of a new pathogen of the internal factors. But human factors are also very important reasons. The dramatic increase in the population and the urbanization have not only changed the way people live, but also led to the over-exploitation of environmental resources by mankind and forced the wild