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目的:总结并探讨2006～2010年哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院儿童(<16岁)的死亡原因变化情况和死亡相关因素的特点。方法:对2006～2010年哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院死亡的193例患儿资料进行回顾,运用统计学方法进行Ridit分析,u检验,c2检验。结果:将0～16岁患儿根据年龄分为5组,对不同年龄段死亡患儿的性别采用Ridit分析,经u检验,提示死亡患儿不同年龄段的性别构成差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。将2006～2010年死亡患儿按病因分为感染因素、非感染因素与未明诊断3组,经c2检验,提示不同年龄组的疾病病因差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:近5年来,哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院死亡儿童疾病构成及死亡原因发生了较为明显的变化。感染性疾病发生相对减少,非感染性疾病发生呈明显上升趋势。我院小儿死亡病因前3位分别是先天性心脏病、意外伤害、呼吸系统感染。7岁～16岁学龄儿童病死率较高,以非感染性因素为主。意外伤害造成的死亡相对集中于7岁～16岁学龄儿童,且高发于农村。
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and discuss the causes of death and the related factors of death among children (<16 years old) in Harbin First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from 2006 to 2010. Methods: The data of 193 children who died in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from 2006 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Ridit analysis, u test and c2 test were conducted by using statistical methods. Results: The children aged 0-16 years were divided into 5 groups according to their age. Ridit analysis was used to analyze the sex of the children with different age groups. U test showed that there was no significant difference in sex composition among children at different ages (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the etiological factors between different age groups (P> 0.05) .3. Conclusion: In the recent 5 years, the morbidity and mortality of death children in Harbin First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University occurred more obvious changes. Relatively reduce the incidence of infectious diseases, non-infectious diseases showed a clear upward trend. The first three causes of pediatric death in our hospital are congenital heart disease, accidental injury, respiratory infection. The mortality rate of school-age children between 7 years old and 16 years old is higher than that of non-infectious children. The death caused by accidental injury is relatively concentrated in school-age children aged 7 to 16 and high in rural areas.