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回顾性收集2019年12月至2020年6月行无创检查需要辅助镇静患儿的病例资料，年龄1 d～13岁。按照年龄分为4组：新生儿组，年龄0～28 d；婴儿组，年龄29 d～1岁；幼儿组，年龄1～3岁；儿童组，年龄4～13岁。口服水合氯醛50 mg/kg镇静，30 min时若Ramsay评分≤4分，口服水合氯醛25 mg/kg或咪达唑仑0.1 mg/kg滴鼻或右美托咪定1 μg/kg滴鼻进行补救。补救给药30 min时若Ramsay评分仍≤ 4分，由麻醉医生根据病情和检查的缓急程度决定改期检查或者再次进行补救，给药次数不超过3次。服药后患儿因为各种原因(包括重度呼吸抑制、改期检查、家长拒绝补救、给药3次后Ramsay评分仍≤ 4分)没有完成检查，均归为镇静失败。记录一次镇静成功情况、补救镇静成功情况和总镇静成功情况。记录呛咳、呕吐、过敏和呼吸抑制等镇静相关不良事件发生情况。与新生儿组比较，婴儿组、幼儿组和儿童组一次镇静成功率和总镇静成功率升高，镇静相关不良事件发生率降低(n P0.05)。水合氯醛用于新生儿无创检查镇静的效果欠佳。n “,”The data of pediatric patients who required sedation for non-invasive examinations, aged 1 day-13 yr, were retrospectively collected from December 2019 to June 2020.They are divided into 4 groups according to age: newborn (age 0-28 days) group, infant (age 29 day-1 yr) group, toddler (age 1-3 yr) group, and child (age 4-13 yr) group.Chloral hydrate 50 mg/kg was administrated orally.When the Ramsay score was ≤ 4 points at 30 min after administration, oral chloral hydrate 25 mg/kg or intranasal midazolam 0.1 mg/kg or intranasal dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg was given as rescue administration.If the Ramsay score was still ≤ 4 points at 30 min after rescue administration, the examination was rescheduled or rescue drugs were given again by the anesthesiologists according to the condition and the urgency of the examination, with the number of administration not exceeding 3 times.The sedation failure was defined that the patients could not complete the diagnostic procedures after administration due to various reasons (including severe respiratory depression, rescheduled examination, parents' refusal to rescue administration, and Ramsay score still ≤ 4 points after 3 times of administration). The success of sedation at first attempt, success of rescue sedation and success of total sedation were recorded.The occurrence of sedation-related adverse events such as coughing, vomiting, allergies and respiratory depression was recorded.Compared with neonate group, the success rate of sedation at first attempt and success rate of total sedation were significantly increased, the incidence of sedation-related adverse events was decreased in infant, toddler and child groups ( n P0.05). In conclusion, the efficacy of chloral hydrate for sedation is not good when used in neonates undergoing non-invasive diagnostic procedures.n