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目的结合2000～2007年柴达木地区人、畜、犬、野生中间宿主和终末宿主动物流行病学调查资料,描述该地区棘球蚴病分布流行特征,为正在开展的卫生部棘球蚴病防治项目提供科学依据。方法采集棘球蚴病住院及手术病例资料,结合人群B超、X线流行病学调查描述该地区棘球蚴病分布流行特征。动物棘球蚴病调查采用解剖和病理组织学方法进行确认鉴别。结果柴达木盆地棘球蚴病人群感染率、患病率分别为9.25%、0.85%,感染率显著低于青南高原(χ2=233.99,P﹤0.001)及祁连山地(χ2=80.95,P﹤0.001),患病率显著低于青南高原(χ2=159.36,P﹤0.001)。主要畜种羊的感染率显著高于牛(χ2=354.5,P﹤0.001),其中山羊感染率显著高于绵羊(χ2=33.51,P﹤0.001),牦牛感染率显著高于黄牛(χ2=48.86,P﹤0.001)。柴达木盆地已知的野生动物中间宿主有岩羊、藏原羚和灰仓鼠,平均感染率为2.3%。主要终宿主犬的感染率范围为17.9%-38.4%,已知的野生动物终宿主为狐。结论柴达木盆地属棘球蚴病高流行区且以囊型棘球蚴病/细粒棘球绦虫流行为主。棘球绦虫/棘球蚴生活循环类型复杂;动物的高感染率对人类健康构成威胁;犬为棘球蚴病最重要的传染源,与人类生产生活密切相关的犬-家畜间的循环是最主要传播循环类型。
OBJECTIVE: To describe epidemiological characteristics of hydatid disease distribution in the region from 2000 to 2007 in epidemiological data of human, livestock, canine, wild intermediate host and terminal host animal in Qaidam region, Disease prevention and treatment project to provide a scientific basis. Methods The data of hospitalization and operation of hydatid disease were collected. The epidemiological characteristics of hydatid disease in the area were described based on the B-type and X-ray epidemiological survey. The investigation of animal hydatid disease was confirmed by anatomical and histopathological methods. Results The infection rates and prevalence rates of echinococcosis in Qaidam Basin were 9.25% and 0.85%, respectively. The infection rates were significantly lower than those in Qingnan Plateau (χ2 = 233.99, P <0.001) and Qilian Mountains (χ2 = 80.95, P < 0.001), the prevalence was significantly lower than that of the Qingnan Plateau (χ2 = 159.36, P <0.001). The prevalence of the main breeds of sheep was significantly higher than that of the cattle (χ2 = 354.5, P <0.001), and the infection rate of goats was significantly higher than that of sheep (χ2 = 33.51, P <0.001) , P <0.001). The known host of wildlife in the Qaidam Basin are the Blue Goat, the Tibetan gazelle and the gray hamster, with an average infection rate of 2.3%. The prevalence of major end-of-life dogs ranged from 17.9% to 38.4%, with the known end-of-life hosts being foxes. Conclusion The Qaidam Basin is a highly endemic area of hydatid disease and is predominantly with cystic echinococcosis / Echinococcus granulosus. Echinococcus granulosus / hydatid cysts of the types of life cycle is complex; the high infection rate of animals poses a threat to human health; dogs as the most important source of infection of hydatid disease, closely related to human production and life of dogs - livestock cycle is the most The main types of circulation.