海洋不仅是生态环境的重要组成部分,也是人类赖以生存的主要自然资源之一,还是物质生物地球化学循环的储蓄库。近年来,大量含有重金属的工业废水和城市生活污水未经处理便直接排入海洋,使得海洋重金属污染日益严重,海洋生物赖以生存的环境日趋恶化,多种海洋生物资源锐减,甚至绝迹。海洋不仅是生态环境的重要组成部分,也是人类赖以生存的主要自然资源之一,还是物质生物地球化学循环的储蓄库。然而,随着沿海经济(工业、农业和养殖业等)的飞速发展,大量含有重金属的工业废水和城市生活污水未经处理便 The oceans are not only an important part of the ecological environment, but also one of the major natural resources on which human beings depend and the repository of material biogeochemical cycles. In recent years, a large number of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and municipal sewage have been directly discharged into the sea without being treated. As a result, the pollution of heavy metals in the oceans has become increasingly serious. The living environment of marine organisms has been deteriorating. The resources of many kinds of marine organisms have plummeted or even disappeared. The oceans are not only an important part of the ecological environment, but also one of the major natural resources on which human beings depend and the repository of material biogeochemical cycles. However, with the rapid development of the coastal economy (industry, agriculture and aquaculture, etc.), a large amount of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and municipal sewage are still untreated