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背景:由于1～3岁幼年儿童椎体发育未完全成熟,各种解剖径线相对较成人小得多,尚无幼儿专用的椎弓根螺钉固定器械,现有能够利用的直径最小的椎弓根螺钉是用于成人颈椎侧块或椎弓根固定的钉棒系统。目的:观察将成人颈椎椎弓根螺钉应用到成年猪颈椎与幼猪腰椎固定后的生物力学对比。方法:将6具完整新鲜成年猪颈段C3～C6脊椎标本和6具完整8周龄新鲜幼猪腰段脊柱标本自椎间盘及关节处离断,游离成单个椎体,共54个椎体108侧椎弓根。按照标准操作将成人颈椎椎弓根螺钉分别安置在成年猪颈椎标本和幼猪腰椎标本的椎弓根上,应用生物力学方法测试螺钉的最大轴向拔出力。结果与结论:颈椎标本最大轴向拔出力高于腰椎标本,但差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);L1椎弓根螺钉的拔出力均值明显小于L3椎弓根螺钉的拔出力均值(P<0.05);C5椎弓根螺钉的拔出力均值明显大于C3椎弓根螺钉的拔出力均值(P<0.05);颈椎和腰椎标的骨密度差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),椎体椎弓根力学数值与椎体骨密度之间存在线性正相关。说明取得了成人颈椎椎弓根螺钉在轴向拉力方面适应于幼儿腰椎的初步实验依据。
BACKGROUND: Due to the incomplete maturation of vertebral bodies in children aged 1 to 3 years, the various anatomical diameters are relatively smaller than those in adults. There is no special pedicle screw fixation device for pediatric children. The smallest available pedicle screw The root screw is used for adult cervical pedicle or pedicle screw system. OBJECTIVE: To observe the biomechanical comparison of adult cervical pedicle screws applied to adult pig cervical vertebra and young pig lumbar vertebra fixation. METHODS: Six spine specimens of fresh intact porcine cervical C3 ~ C6 spine and six intact 8-week-old fresh lumbar vertebra were separated from the intervertebral disc and the joint, and were dissociated into single vertebrae. A total of 54 vertebral bodies 108 Lateral pedicle. According to the standard operation, adult cervical pedicle screws were placed on the pedicle of adult pig cervical vertebra and lumbar vertebra respectively. The biomechanical method was used to test the maximum axial pull-out force of the screw. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The maximal axial pull-out force of cervical vertebra was higher than that of lumbar vertebra, but the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). The average pull-out force of L1 pedicle screw was significantly lower than that of L3 pedicle screw (P <0.05). The average value of pull-out force of C5 pedicle screw was significantly higher than that of C3 pedicle screw (P <0.05), and the difference of BMD between cervical vertebra and lumbar vertebra was significant (P <0.01) ), There was a linear positive correlation between vertebral pedicle mechanics value and vertebral bone mineral density. Description obtained adult cervical pedicle screw in the axial tension to adapt to the preliminary experimental evidence of lumbar.