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一、新市场理论的创立对于市场在社会经济生活中的作用与地位问题,尤其对于市场在社会主义条件下的历史命运问题,100多年来,在国际共产主义运动中一直受到关注,并进行着激烈的争论.马克思、恩格斯既肯定了资本主义市场巨大的进步作用,在不到100年间创造的社会生产力比前资本主义的总和还多还大,同时又看到了市场的局限性,指出了19世纪前期市场的负效应,尤其是1825年及其以后的几次经济危机所造成的严重损失.他们根据当时的历史条件曾经预想,社会主义不必借助市场,社会应当按照统一计划配置资源,以消除商品生产和市场竞争带来的无政府状态,实现国民经济无危机的按比例协调发展.
I. The Establishment of New Market Theory The question of the role and status of the market in the socio-economic life, especially the historical fate of the market under the conditions of socialism, has been drawing attention and carrying on in the international communist movement for more than 100 years Fierce debate.Marx and Engels not only affirmed the tremendous progress of the capitalist market, but also created more and more social productivity in less than 100 years than the sum of pre-capitalism, meanwhile, they also saw the limitations of the market and pointed out that 19 The negative effects of the market in the early centuries, especially the serious losses caused by several economic crises of 1825 and beyond, once envisioned according to historical conditions at that time that socialism did not have to resort to the market and that the society should allocate resources according to a unified plan to eliminate commodities The anarchy brought by the production and market competition, and the crisis-free and coordinated development of the national economy.