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目的了解陕西省2011年-2013年H3N2型流感病毒的流行特征和HA1基因特性。方法收集陕西省全省18家哨点医院流感样病例的监测资料和12家流感网络实验室病原学检测结果。用RT-PCR方法对部分H3N2流感病毒进行HA1基因序列扩增,利用生物软件对序列特征及变化情况进行分析。结果陕西省2011年-2012年H3N2为非流行优势株,占流感病毒阳性的17.38%,流行高峰为2月-3月;2012年-2013年H3N2为陕西省的流行优势株,占流感病毒阳性的56.61%,流行高峰时间为11月-次年2月。通过测序得到的各标本HA1序列为987 bp,编码329个氨基酸(aa),2年间分别有12个氨基酸位点发生变异,其中在4个位点出现变异发生在HA1抗原决定簇,2年共增加了2个潜在的糖基化位点,HA1的受体结合位点和二硫键比较稳定,2年间未发生变化。结论 2012年-2013年陕西省H3N2型流感病毒为流行的优势毒株,相对于国际疫苗株,已经出现了抗原漂移。
Objective To understand the epidemiology and HA1 gene characteristics of H3N2 influenza virus from 2011 to 2013 in Shaanxi province. Methods The surveillance data of influenza-like illness in 18 sentinel hospitals in Shaanxi province and the results of pathogenic tests in 12 influenza network laboratories were collected. HA1 gene sequence was amplified by RT-PCR from some H3N2 influenza viruses, and sequence characteristics and changes were analyzed by using biological software. Results H3N2 was a non-epidemic dominant strain in Shaanxi province from 2011 to 2012, accounting for 17.38% of the total positive for influenza virus. The epidemic peak was from February to March. From 2012 to 2013, H3N2 was the predominant strain in Shaanxi province, accounting for the positive rate of influenza virus Of the 56.61%, the peak time for the month of November - the following February. The sequence of HA1 was 987 bp and encoded a polypeptide of 329 amino acids (aa). A total of 12 amino acid residues were found in 2 years, of which 4 occurred at the HA1 epitope. Two potential glycosylation sites were added. The HA1 receptor binding site and disulfide bond were stable and did not change in two years. Conclusions From 2012 to 2013, H3N2 influenza virus was the predominant strain in Shaanxi Province. Antigen drift had been observed relative to the international vaccine strains.