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以来自中国13个省和14个国家的378份粳稻种质资源为试验材料,在不同碱胁迫条件下开展了粳稻苗期死叶率的鉴定评价,并从中筛选出耐碱性强的粳稻种质。结果表明,pH9.4的碱胁迫条件对粳稻死叶率的影响显著大于pH8.9的碱胁迫条件,而pH8.9条件更适合于粳稻种质资源的耐碱性鉴定评价。在pH8.9碱胁迫条件下不同地理来源粳稻间、粳稻不同种质间存在明显的耐碱性差异,澳大利亚、意大利和中国江西粳稻种质的平均死叶率较低,表现为较强的耐碱性。pH8.9的碱胁迫第16～26天时,在20%～100%死叶率范围内,其粳稻种质资源的次数分布表现为接近正态的连续分布,且其方差和变异系数较大,认为该时期较适合作为粳稻种质资源耐碱性的鉴定时期。YR196、Baru、丰锦、日本晴、8068、绥粳5号等21份粳稻种质在pH8.9碱胁迫第16天时死叶率均小于40%,表现为较强的耐碱性,可在今后耐碱性水稻育种中加以利用。
Using 378 japonica germplasm resources from 13 provinces and 14 countries in China as experimental materials, the dead leaves rate of japonica rice was evaluated and evaluated under different alkali stress conditions, and the japonica rice varieties with strong alkaline-resistance were screened out quality. The results showed that alkali stress at pH 9.4 had a greater effect on the rate of dead leaves than that at pH 8.9 while pH8.9 was more suitable for the evaluation of alkali tolerance of japonica germplasm. There was a significant difference in alkali tolerance among different geographical origins of japonica rice and japonica rice under pH8.9 alkali stress. The average dead leaf rate of japonica rice from Jiangxi, Jiangxi, China, Australia, Italy and China was lower, showing stronger resistance Alkaline. In the range of 20% -100% dead leaves, the frequency distribution of japonica germplasm resources in the pH ranged from 8.6 to 26 days showed a nearly normal distribution and the variance and coefficient of variation were large. This period is more suitable as the identification period of japonica rice germplasm resources alkali resistance. Twenty-one japonica germplasms of YR196, Baru, Fengjin, Nipponbare, 8068 and SuiJing 5 were less than 40% on the 16th day of pH8.9 alkali stress, showing strong alkali resistance, Alkali-resistant rice breeding to be used.