《尔雅》是我国第一部词典。自它出世后,历代有许多学者为它注疏。在所有注疏中,以清代郝懿行的《尔雅义疏》最为精善,影响最大。今天,我们揣摩郝氏的《尔雅·释诂》合疏,就会发现《尔雅》编纂体例上的特点和郝懿行在词义研究方面的成绩,可以利用它为古汉语词汇史的研究服务。 《尔雅》训列以义相次例 古人著书讲究义例,而这种义例隐藏在全书的字里行间,需要读者去体会、发掘。我们在阅读郝疏《释诂》时,发现郝氏常常把相邻的几个训列放在一个“疏”下合疏,并把它们在意义上贯通起来。在此基础上我们进一步考察,得出了《尔雅·释诂》训列有以义系联的特点的结论。 一般认为,《尔雅》是第一部按照词义系统和事物分类而编纂的词典。但他们所说的“以义相从,类聚群分”只是指分篇以及后十六类 “Erya” is China’s first dictionary. Since it was born, many scholars in ancient times wrote it for me. Among all the notes and reflections, the most refined and influential “Eya Yishu” by Hao Yixing in the Qing Dynasty was the most refined. Today, when we try to figure out Hao’s “Er Ya Shi Jie” He Shu, we can find the characteristics of the Er Ya compilation system and the achievements of Hao Yi Xing in the study of lexical meaning. We can use it to serve the research of vocabulary history of ancient Chinese. “Erya” training column Yiyi phase example of the ancient book about justice, and this sense of justice hidden in the book between the lines, you need readers to experience and explore. When we read Hao Shu’s “Interpretation,” we find that Hao frequently places a few “sparse” adjacent disciplines in a “sparse” arrangement and connects them in a sense. On this basis, we further examine and conclude that there is a characteristic of the connection between righteousness and righteousness in the “Ela-shih-yi” training. It is generally believed that “Er Ya” is the first dictionary compiled according to the classification system of semantic meanings and things. However, what they call “righteousness, congregation and clustering” only refers to sub-articles and the latter sixteen categories