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人参及其药用价值,自古以来无人不晓。中医认为,“一碗参汤有起死回生之效”。然而它的“一母同胞”——同科不同属的植物东北刺人参,知道的人就不多了。东北刺人参(Oplopanax elatus)是一种小灌木,高1—3米。树皮灰黄,髓大呈白色,地下茎发达多分枝。茎密生针刺,尤其节部刺特多。叶柄长5—17厘米,叶掌状5—7裂,叶片上有细锯齿,叶基部心形,长15厘米,宽35厘米,叶脉上有刺毛,叶缘有刺芒,花腋生,微形花序,小花黄绿色,花瓣5,雌蕊5,子房2室,花梗密布褐色毛。8月中旬开花,9月下旬成熟,浆果状核果,球形,熟红色或黄红色,顶端有宿存花柱,2粒种子。
Ginseng and its medicinal value, no one has known since ancient times. Chinese medicine believes that “a bowl of soup has the effect of reviving.” However, its “one mother and one compatriot” - the ginseng of northeast China belonging to different genera of the same family - did not know much. Oplopanax elatus is a small shrub, 1-3 meters tall. Bark gray, medulla was white, multi-branched underground stems developed. Stems acupuncture meridians, especially the Ministry of thorns more. Petiole 5-17 cm long, palmately 5-7-lobed, leaf blade serrulate, leaf base cordate, 15 cm long, 35 cm wide, with spines on veins, margin with spines, axillary flowers, microscopic Inflorescences, florets yellow-green, petals 5, pistils 5, ovary 2, peduncles densely brown hair. Flowering in mid August and late September, berry-shaped drupe, globose, ripe red or yellow-red, with persistent style atop and 2 seeds.