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自我实现是历史唯物主义的一个重要范畴。马克思所理解的“自我”是有血有肉的、活生生的、具体的、历史的人,而“人的本质并不是单个人所固有的抽象物。在其现实基础上,它是一切社会关系的总和”(《马克思、恩格斯全集》第1卷,第18页)。任何个人都是社会的人。任何“自我”都是社会关系中的“自我”。自我实现就是从人的社会性、实践性和主体能动性角度来揭示人的发展问题的。所谓自我实现是指人通过自身的实践活动满足自身生存和发展的需要,培养和发展自己的能力、才干与个性,实现自己人生理想和人生价值的过程。
Self-realization is an important category of historical materialism. Marx understands that “self” is a flesh-and-blood, living, concrete and historical person, and “the essence of a person is not an abstraction inherent in a single person. On the reality of it, it is all social relations The sum of ”(“ Complete Works of Marx and Engels ”Volume 1, page 18). Any person is a social person. Any “self ” is “self ” in social relations. Self-actualization is to reveal the issue of human development from the angle of human’s sociality, practicality and initiative. The so-called self-actualization refers to the process by which one can satisfy one’s own survival and development through one’s own practical activities, cultivate and develop one’s own abilities, talents and individualities, and achieve one’s life ideal and one’s life value.