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近十多年来利什曼病的化学治疗有明显的进展。一方面是由于对药物如五价锑类的药代动力学有较多了解,另一方面是因采用了一些治疗利什曼病的新药,如aminosidine。最令人关注的进展是结合脂质的两性霉素B,以很短的疗程即显示疗效;另有研究发现,结合免疫调节剂也颇有效。利什曼原虫的某些生化通路如其嘌呤和甾醇代谢的通路与哺乳动物的不同。这些已用于探索抗利什曼病药物的新的作用靶点。
Over the past decade, there have been significant advances in the chemotherapy of leishmaniasis. On the one hand, there is a greater understanding of the pharmacokinetics of drugs such as pentavalent antimony, and on the other hand the use of new drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis, such as aminosidine. The most notable progress has been the combination of lipid-based amphotericin B with a short course of treatment to show efficacy; another study found that the combination of immunomodulators is also very effective. Some of the biochemical pathways of Leishmania, such as their pathways of purine and sterol metabolism, are different from those of mammals. These new targets have been used to explore anti-leishmaniasis drugs.