综述了金属酞菁轴向配合物的合成方法 ,结构表征及其物理化学性质。金属酞菁轴向配合物的合成重点在于单体的合成。轴向配合物的合成通常有两种方法 :一种是通过金属酞菁的单体来直接合成 ,这种方法分别可以通过三条途径来达到 ,一是以苯腈为原料的途径 ,二是以苯酐为原料的途径 ,三是二亚氨基异吲哚啉路线 ,它们都是以单体为原料 ;第二种合成方法是通过金属酞菁聚合物在配体溶剂中的解离而得到的。金属酞菁轴向配合物的吸收光谱与简单的金属酞菁配合物相比 ,吸收峰明显红移 ,这就大大改进了它的光学性质 The synthesis method, structural characterization and physicochemical properties of metal phthalocyanine axial complexes are reviewed. The synthesis of metal phthalocyanine axial complexes focuses on the synthesis of monomers. Synthesis of axial complexes usually have two ways: one is the direct synthesis of metal phthalocyanine monomer, this method can be achieved by three ways, one is to take benzene nitrile as a raw material approach, the second is based on Phthalic anhydride as the raw material route, the three is diiminoisoindoline route, they are based on monomers as raw materials; the second synthesis method is through the metal phthalocyanine polymer obtained in the ligand solvent dissociation obtained. The absorption spectrum of the metal phthalocyanine axial complex shows a significant red shift of the absorption peak compared to the simple metal phthalocyanine complex, which greatly improves its optical properties