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对新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮层微生物分布的时空差异及其与土壤因子的关系进行了研究,结果表明:微生物分布受沙垄地貌部位、土层深度、季节影响呈现时空差异．空间尺度上,细菌在春秋季均为垄顶最少,垄间低地最多．放线菌及真菌在沙垄不同地貌部位的空间分布基本一致,但春秋季的空间分布格局有差异．含水量与微生物总数量的变化趋势一致,春秋季均表现为垄顶最少,垄间低地最多,春季尤为明显．在0-20cm土层中,微生物各类群的垂直分布受地貌部位和季节影响呈不同变化趋势．时间尺度上,春秋季微生物总数量、微生物各类群数量在背风坡、迎风坡及垄间低地均表现为春季>秋季,在背风坡表现的尤为明显．微生物各类群在垄间低地的垂直分布春秋季均表现为:细菌随土层加深增多;放线菌随土层加深减少;真菌先增后减．微生物各类群在垄顶的垂直分布春秋季有差异．含水量在各地貌部位0—30cm各土层,均表现为春季>秋季,0～10cm土层中尤为明显。微生物总数中细菌占绝大多数,依次为放线菌、真菌．细菌比例春季>秋季,放线菌和真菌则相反．微生物分布与有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾、pH、电导、盐分、过氧化氢酶、脲酶、中性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶有显著的相关性．
The spatial and temporal differences in microbial distribution in the biological crusts of the Gurbantunggut desert in Xinjiang and its relationship with soil factors were studied. The results showed that the distribution of microorganisms was spatially and temporally affected by sand ridge landform, soil depth and season. Spatial scale, the bacteria in the spring and autumn are the least ridge, the most ridge low. The distribution of actinomycetes and fungi in the different landforms of the sand dunes was basically the same, but there were differences in the spatial distribution pattern between spring and autumn. The change trend of water content and the total number of microorganisms was the same, both in spring and autumn showed the least ridge, the lowest ridge and the most obvious in spring. In the 0-20cm soil layer, the vertical distribution of each group of microorganisms showed different trends under the influence of landform and season. On the time scale, the total number of microbes in spring and autumn, and the number of each microbial group showed the trend of spring> autumn in the leeward slope, the windward slope and the ridge, especially in the leeward slope. The vertical distribution of microbial communities in the lowland of the ridge showed in both spring and autumn: the bacteria increased with soil depth; the actinomycetes decreased with soil depth; the fungus increased first and then decreased. Vertical Distribution of Microbial Groups in the Ridge There are differences between spring and autumn. The water content of 0-30 cm soil layers in each landform showed spring> autumn, especially in 0 ~ 10 cm soil layer. Bacteria accounted for the vast majority of the total number of microorganisms, followed by actinomycetes, fungi. Bacteria ratio Spring> In autumn, actinomycetes and fungi are the opposite. Microbial distribution was significantly correlated with organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium, pH, conductance, salinity, catalase, urease, neutral phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase.