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本文以水力学模型实验研究了底吹喷枪出口端蘑菇头的形成机理及控制模型。直接观察了蘑菇头的形成过程；研究了水在底吹喷枪出口端开始结晶和形成蘑菇头的条件：底吹喷枪出口端温度与水溶池温度、底吹气体温度及流量、底吹喷枪内径之间的关系。还观察到有无蘑菇头时底吹气体冷却特性的差异；最后，提出了与蘑菇头形成及熔化有关的底吹参数的控制模型。
In this paper, the hydraulics model was used to study the formation mechanism and control model of mushroom head at the outlet of bottom blowing lance. The formation process of mushroom head was observed directly. The conditions of water crystallization at the outlet of bottom blowing lance and the formation of mushroom head were studied. The temperature at the bottom of the bottom blowing lance and the temperature of the water bath, the temperature and flow rate of bottom blowing gas, Relationship between. The differences of the cooling characteristics of the blown gas with or without mushroom head were also observed. Finally, the control model of the blown parameters related to mushroom head formation and melting was proposed.