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过去十年,在传染性腹泻病因及发病机理方面取得了一些进展,本文概要报告近年来有关研究的结果并就这些结果与现代儿科临床的关系进行评论。儿童肠道感染的病因在幼儿中,约40～50%的急性传染性腹泻系由轮状病毒感染所致;在冬季,急性传染性腹泻中以轮状病毒为病因的比例可高达80%。在急性腹泻儿童的粪便中也已检出了另外几种病毒,有些可能是真正的病原体,但除在流行中已发现的类病毒因子(Norwalk、Hawaii和Montgomery County因子)外,还没有一个能肯定地被确认。近来发现,至少有3种细菌为儿童重要的肠道病原体,这三种细菌是能产肠毒素的大肠杆菌株、肠结肠耶氏菌(Yersinia enterocolitica)以及空肠结肠弯曲细菌(Campylobacter jejuni/eoli)。
In the past decade, some progress has been made in the etiology and pathogenesis of infectious diarrhea. This paper summarizes the results of recent studies and comments on the relationship between these findings and modern pediatric clinical practice. Causes of intestinal infections in children About 40-50% of acute infectious diarrhea in young children is caused by rotavirus infection; in winter, rotavirus causes up to 80% of acute infectious diarrhea. Several other viruses have also been detected in the stools of children with acute diarrhea, some of which may be true pathogens, but none of the viruses other than those found in epidemics (Norwalk, Hawaii and Montgomery County) Confirmed surely. It has recently been found that at least 3 kinds of bacteria are important intestinal pathogens in children. These three kinds of bacteria are enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli strains, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Campylobacter jejuni / eoli. .