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采用田间取样和室内分析化验相结合的方法 ,分析测定了设施蔬菜田、露地菜田、粮田土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌等养分含量。分析结果表明 ,设施蔬菜田、露地菜田与粮田相比 ,土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等均有不同程度的提高。随着棚龄的增加 ,土壤养分含量有增加的趋势 ,其中土壤速效磷、速效钾含量增加趋势显著 ,土壤有机质和碱解氮也有增加趋势 ,并维持一个水平。同一棚龄不同层次的土壤 ,有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等养分含量 ,随着土层的向下延伸而逐渐降低 ,其中速效磷、速效钾降低效果明显。不同使用年份设施蔬菜田和露地菜田土壤有机质及大量元素累积的顺序是速效磷 >速效钾 >碱解氮 >有机质。不同使用年份设施蔬菜田和露地菜田土壤微量元素累积状况是 ,土壤有效锌高度累积 ,土壤有效铁和硼中度累积 ,有效锰和铜低度累积 ,与粮田相比出现减少的趋势。
The methods of field sampling and laboratory analysis were used to analyze the soil organic matter, alkaline soil nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available iron, available manganese, available copper, available zinc, etc. in vegetable fields, Nutrient content. The results showed that soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and so on were all improved to some extent compared with grain fields in vegetable fields and open fields. With the increase of the planting age, the nutrient contents of the soil tended to increase. Among them, the contents of available P and available K increased significantly, and the contents of soil organic matter and available nitrogen also increased and maintained a certain level. Soil nutrients, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and other nutrients in different layers of the same shelf age gradually decreased with the downward extension of the soil layer, of which available available phosphorus and available potassium were significantly reduced. The order of accumulation of soil organic matter and macronutrients in vegetable fields and open field vegetable fields in different years of use is available phosphorus> available potassium> alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen> organic matter. The accumulation of soil trace elements in vegetable fields and open-field vegetable fields in different years of use is that the available zinc accumulates in the soil, the available iron and boron accumulate moderately, the effective manganese and copper accumulate in the soil, and decrease compared with the grain fields.