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侦查权是一项证实犯罪嫌疑人有罪与否的重要国家权力,在我国所有的刑事案件中,普通刑事案件占多数,离我们最近,对我们的切身利益影响也最大。普通刑事案件由公安机关行使侦查权,检察机关在公安机关行使侦查权查明案件情况的基础上提起公诉,最后由法院进行判决。然而,在我国公、检、法三机关分工负责、互相配合、互相制约的刑事司法体制的设计中,会出现“以侦查为中心”与“以审判为中心”的矛盾,产生以上矛盾的一个重要原因在于侦查权的不合理配置。本文以我国普通刑事案件侦查权为出发点,在否析其权力过大、侦查行为过滥、监督无效、与公诉机关不协调等不合理的基础上,重构普通刑事案件侦查权——赋予检察机关侦查指挥权,从而能在一定程度上克服以上不足,使刑事案件的追诉尽快转到“以审判为中心”的轨道上。
The power of investigation is an important state power that confirms the guilty or not of criminal suspects. Of all the criminal cases in our country, ordinary criminal cases account for the majority, and from our recent situation, they have the greatest impact on our vital interests. In ordinary criminal cases, the public security organ exercises the power of investigation. The procuratorial organ prosecutes on the basis of the exercise of the right of investigation by the public security organ to ascertain the circumstances of the case, and finally the court adjudicates. However, in the design of criminal justice system in which the organs of public prosecution, prosecution and law are responsible for each other and cooperate with each other and restrict each other, the contradiction between “centering on investigation” and “taking trial as the center” will arise An important reason for the above contradictions lies in the unreasonable disposition of the investigative powers. Based on the investigation of common criminal cases in our country, this article reconstructs the investigation power of ordinary criminal cases on the basis of not justifying its excessive power, excessive investigation, invalidation of supervision, uncoordinated with public prosecutorial organs, The organ investigates the command right, so that it can overcome the above deficiencies to a certain extent so that the prosecution of criminal cases can be transferred to the track of “trial-centered” as soon as possible.