本文认为,所谓科学技术是第一生产力,就是指科学技术是生产力中最重要的要素.逐步使企业成为技术开发的主体,既是加快科技进步的迫切要求,也是搞活国有大中型企业的迫切要求.为此,要深化企业改革,使国有企业成为真正的商品生产者和经营者.当前阻碍企业科技进步的根本问题,是企业缺少技术进步的动力和压力,干好干坏都能生存. This paper argues that science and technology are primary productive forces, that is, science and technology are the most important elements in productivity, and gradually making enterprises the main body of technological development is not only an urgent requirement to speed up the progress of science and technology, but also an urgent demand for invigorating the state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises. To this end, it is necessary to deepen the reform of enterprises so that state-owned enterprises become real producers and operators of goods.At present, the fundamental problem that hinders the progress of science and technology in enterprises is that enterprises lack the motivation and pressure to make technological progress and can survive if they do good or bad.