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目的了解新疆部分地区农田土壤蛔虫卵污染情况,为制定防治对策及评价防治效果提供依据。方法 2016年7─8月按分层随机方式抽取新疆13个地(市)的25个县、500个行政村,统一采集农田土壤样本,每村采集一份样本,采用改良饱和硝酸钠漂浮检查法分离土壤蛔虫卵,并鉴定受精蛔虫卵的存活状态。结果调查农田土壤样本500份,检出蛔虫卵148份,虫卵检出率29.60%;检出活卵102份,活卵检出率20.40%;水田样本中蛔虫卵检出率最高(55.88%),活卵检出率为55.88%;砂土样本中蛔虫卵检出率也较高,达到42.52%,活卵检出率39.37%;不同土地类型(χ~2=13.07)、土壤质地(χ~2=18.87)、土壤根系(χ~2=37.84)、土壤湿度(χ~2=12.87)蛔虫卵检出率差别均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论新疆农田土壤蛔虫卵污染情况不容乐观,应加强粪便无害化处理、改水改厕、改造环境等措施,以保护人群免受感染。
Objective To understand the soil ascaris egg contamination in farmland in some areas of Xinjiang and provide the basis for developing control strategies and evaluating the control effects. Methods From July to August 2016, 25 counties and 500 administrative villages in 13 cities (prefectures) of Xinjiang were sampled by stratified randomization. Soil samples from farmland were collected and one sample was collected from each village. The samples were collected by modified saturated sodium nitrate floatation test Method to separate soil ascaris eggs, and identification of fertilized Ascaris eggs survival. Results 500 samples of farmland soil samples were collected and 148 ascaris eggs were detected. The detection rate of eggs was 29.60%. The number of live eggs was 102 and the detection rate of live eggs was 20.40%. The highest detection rate of Ascaris eggs was 55.88% ), And the detection rate of live egg was 55.88%. The detection rate of ascaris eggs in sand samples was also higher (42.52%) and the detection rate of live eggs was 39.37%. The soil texture (χ ~ 2 = 13.07) (χ ~ 2 = 18.87). There were significant differences in detection rate of ascaris eggs between soil root (χ ~ 2 = 37.84) and soil moisture (χ ~ 2 = 12.87) (all P <0.05). Conclusion Ascaris suum eggs in farmland in Xinjiang are not optimistic. Therefore, we should strengthen harmless treatment of faeces, change toilets and improve the environment to protect the population from infection.