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通过对江苏省47个县(市)农户的实地问卷调查,分析了江苏省不同地区4个研究阶段(1990—1995年、1996—2000年、2001—2005年和2006—2008年)的秸秆利用状况及影响秸秆田间燃烧的因素。结果表明,全省秸秆作为家用燃料比例在上述4个研究阶段均值分别为62.81%、59.76%、27.55%和24.13%,田间燃烧比例分别为21.16%、23.93%、53.29%和47.87%,两者逐阶段变化趋势正好相反,显著变化皆出现在第二与第三研究阶段之间,在第三阶段(2001—2005年)家用燃料比例较之前明显下降,而田间燃烧比例显著上升。苏北地区(淮安、连云港、宿迁、徐州和盐城)秸秆作为家用燃料比例(54.22%)较苏中苏南(南通、扬州、泰州、镇江、无锡和苏州)地区(34.68%)高,而秸秆田间燃烧比例(29.60%)较苏中苏南地区(42.37%)低。秸秆田间燃烧比例与农户兼业比例、年均收入、家庭炊事活动用电量及务农人员年龄呈极显著正线性相关(P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析模型显示对农户田间燃烧意愿选择有显著影响的因子主要是4个,按影响程度由大到小依次为农户家庭兼业比例、家庭种植面积、农户年均收入和秸秆用作家用燃料比例。
Through field surveys of farmers in 47 counties of Jiangsu Province, the straw utilization in four research stages (1990-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005 and 2006-2008) in different regions of Jiangsu Province was analyzed Status and Factors Affecting the Combustion of Straw in the Field. The results showed that the average ratio of straw as domestic fuel in the four research stages was 62.81%, 59.76%, 27.55% and 24.13%, respectively, and the percentage of field burning was 21.16%, 23.93%, 53.29% and 47.87%, respectively In the third stage (2001-2005), the proportion of domestic fuels decreased significantly while that of the field increased significantly. The proportion of straw as domestic fuel in northern Jiangsu (Huaian, Lianyungang, Suqian, Xuzhou and Yancheng) was 54.22% higher than that of southern Jiangsu (Nantong, Yangzhou, Taizhou, Zhenjiang, Wuxi and Suzhou) The percentage of field burning (29.60%) is lower than that of southern Jiangsu (42.37%). The proportion of straw burning in the field showed a significant positive linear correlation with the proportion of farmers concurrently employed, the average annual income, household electricity consumption for cooking activities and the age of farm workers (P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that there were four factors that significantly affected the farmer’s willingness to choose for combustion in the field. According to the degree of influence, the proportion of household part-time employment, family planting area, average annual income of farmers and straw as domestic fuel proportion.