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在出生前诊断出胎儿的遗传病,以保证婴儿的质量,这是遗传学工作者和妇产科工作者多年来一直在探索的课题。自1956年Tjio等确定人的染色体数目为46条,于1959年发现3种重要的染色体病(47,+21,45,xo;47,xxy),以后陆续发现了多种染色体病(包括数目畸变和结构畸变),到目前为止,已达300余种。据国内报道:新生儿中染色体异常的发生率约1%,其中约5%具有家族性。由于染色体异常除导致多种先天性缺陷外,常伴智力低下和生长缓慢,给家庭和社会造成严重的精神负担和经济负担。1966年Steele和Breg等采用羊膜腔穿刺羊水细胞培养,进行染色体分析获得成功,为防止染色体病患儿的
Prenatal diagnosis of fetal genetic disease, in order to ensure the quality of the baby, which is geneticists and obstetrics and gynecology workers have been exploring the topic over the years. Since 1956, Tjio et al. Identified 46 chromosomes in humans and found three important chromosomal diseases (47, +21, 45, xo; 47, xxy) in 1959. A variety of chromosomal diseases (including number Distortion and structural distortion), so far, has reached more than 300 species. According to domestic reports: the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in neonates is about 1%, of which about 5% have familial. As a result of chromosomal abnormalities in addition to leading to a variety of congenital defects, often accompanied by mental retardation and slow growth, to the family and the community caused a serious mental burden and financial burden. 1966 Steele and Breg and other amniotic fluid using amniotic fluid cell culture for chromosome analysis was successful, in order to prevent children with chromosomal disorders