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世贸组织之“国营贸易”规则是世界贸易组织约束成员的专控产品进出口行为,致力于推动国际贸易自由化的重要成果。“国营贸易企业”的界定标准是其是否获得特定产品的进出口专营权,而与企业所有制或资本来源无关。各成员的国营贸易管理制度应符合非歧视待遇原则和透明度原则,并履行相关义务和承诺,以避免对国际贸易自由化的扭曲。
WTO’s “State-owned Trade” rules are the major achievements of the World Trade Organization that restrict the import and export of exclusively controlled products by members of the WTO and are committed to promoting the liberalization of international trade. The criterion for the definition of “state trading enterprise” is whether or not it obtains the import and export franchise for a particular product, regardless of the ownership of the enterprise or the source of capital. The members of the state trading management system should be consistent with the principle of non-discrimination and transparency and fulfill the relevant obligations and commitments in order to avoid distortion of the liberalization of international trade.