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SSR标记是研究栓皮栎在天然资源锐减下群体遗传变异与进化的有效工具。为解决栓皮栎未建立DNA序列库而使得现有SSR标记数量相对不足的问题,本研究通过比较无梗花栎、蒙古栎、夏栎、麻栎、辽东栎5个栎属近缘种的62对微卫星引物在栓皮栎的扩增通用性,从而进一步获得新的栓皮栎SSR标记。62对SSR引物中有41对在栓皮栎中有稳定的PCR扩增,总的通用性比例占66.1%。其中,仅比较各物种基因组开发SSR引物,夏栎的微卫星引物通用性最高,占80%。随后,采用3个栓皮栎群体138个个体开展引物多态性检测,最终获得17对具有较高多态性SSR引物。各引物检测的等位基因数(Na)为4~14个,平均7.8个;17个位点中有15个为高度多态性位点(PIC>0.5),其中多态位点大于0.8的5对引物来自夏栎(2p24,FIR053)、辽东栎(E11~12)、蒙古栎(DN726,DN717)。本研究可为开展栓皮栎群体遗传学的深入研究提供了更多的SSR标记选择。
The SSR marker is an effective tool to study the population genetic variation and evolution of Quercus variabilis under the sharp reduction of natural resources. In order to solve the problem that the existing SSR markers are not enough to establish the DNA sequence library of Q. variabilis, in this study, by comparing the relatives of Quercus mongolica, Quercus mongolica, Quercus acutissima, Quercus acutissima and Quercus liaotungensis, The microsatellite primers were used to amplify the Quercus variabilis to further obtain new SSR markers of Quercus variabilis. Among 62 pairs of SSR primers, 41 pairs had stable PCR amplification in Quercus variabilis, accounting for 66.1% of the total. Among them, the microsatellite primers of Quercus acutissima had the highest universality, accounting for 80% of the total. Subsequently, 138 individuals from 3 populations of Quercus variabilis were used to detect the polymorphism of the primers, and finally 17 pairs of SSR primers with higher polymorphism were obtained. The number of alleles (Na) detected by each primer ranged from 4 to 14 with an average of 7.8. Among the 17 loci, 15 were highly polymorphic (PIC> 0.5) with polymorphic loci greater than 0.8 Five pairs of primers were from Quercus acutissima (2p24, FIR053), Quercus liaotungensis (E11-12) and Quercus mongolica (DN726, DN717). This study provides more SSR markers for the further study of population genetic in Quercus variabilis.