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目的:近年来随着我国慢性肾脏病患病率逐步上升,透析患者数量也在逐年增多。随着我国医疗体系的改革和不断完善,透析患者的目标不仅仅是维持存活,更主要的是提高病人的生存质量,改善患者的生理与心理状况。方法:本文选取近五年的部分生存质量调查相关文献,分析腹膜透析与血液透析两种方式对于患者生存质量的差异,试比较两者在生活不同方面的优劣,为患者理想的生活方式提供更好的选取方向。结果:通过不同课题的调查,研究者们持大致相同观点,认为腹膜透析患者的生存质量与血液透析患者相当,参照国外研究者的调查,认为腹膜透析要优于血液透析。经分析笔者发现,尽管两种透析方式在不同的评分上各有轻微的优劣,但仍能发现腹膜透析患者的躯体疼痛及情绪状态要优于血液透析患者。这种优势考虑与血液透析患者的针刺、卧床、血压波动带来的身体不适有关,由于疼痛伴血液透析的其他不良反应及禁忌症进而导致患者精神状态有所下降。结论:综上所述,在患者选择透析方式时不仅应考虑躯体对于疼痛的耐受度,更应通过全面的分析与患者意愿选择适合其自身状况的透析方式。
Objective: In recent years, with the gradual rise of the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in our country, the number of dialysis patients is also increasing year by year. With the reform and continuous improvement of China’s medical system, the goal of dialysis patients is not only to maintain their survival, but also to improve their quality of life and to improve their physical and psychological conditions. Methods: This article selects the relevant literature of partial quality of life survey in the past five years to analyze the differences of quality of life between the two methods of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages between the two in different aspects of life, it provides the ideal life style for patients Better choice of direction. Results: Through the investigation of different subjects, the researchers hold the same view that the quality of life of peritoneal dialysis patients and hemodialysis patients, with reference to foreign researchers survey, that peritoneal dialysis is better than hemodialysis. After analysis, the author found that, although the two dialysis methods have different strengths and weaknesses in different scores, but still found peritoneal dialysis patients with somatic pain and emotional state than hemodialysis patients. This advantage is associated with hemodialysis patients with acupuncture, bed rest, blood pressure fluctuations caused by physical discomfort, due to pain with hemodialysis and other adverse reactions and contraindications and thus lead to mental decline in patients. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, patients should not only consider the tolerance of the body to pain when choosing a dialysis modality, but also choose a dialysis format appropriate to their condition through a comprehensive analysis and patient’s willingness.