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目的应用新加坡有害化学品职业暴露半定量风险评估方法对铅酸蓄电池行业进行职业危害风险评估。方法选择绍兴市3家铅酸蓄电池企业,按照新加坡职业风险评估方法开展职业风险评估。结果 3家铅酸蓄电池企业作业场所主要职业危害因素为铅尘、铅烟和硫酸。铅烟、铅尘危害等级为3级;硫酸危害等级为5级。企业1灌酸以及外化成岗位硫酸的暴露等级(ER)均为4级;企业2铸球、焊接以及穿壁热封岗位铅烟、和膏岗位铅尘的ER均为5级;企业3涂板、和膏、分板以及包片岗位铅尘、焊接以及穿壁热封岗位铅烟的ER均为5级;以上岗位的风险等级均为重度。结论新加坡职业风险评估方法适用于铅酸蓄电池行业的风险评估;应针对风险水平高的作业场所采取改进措施,降低风险水平。
Objective To assess the risk of occupational hazards in lead-acid battery industry by using semi-quantitative risk assessment of occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in Singapore. Methods To select 3 lead-acid battery enterprises in Shaoxing and carry out occupational risk assessment according to Singapore occupational risk assessment method. Results The main occupational hazards of the three lead-acid battery factories were lead dust, lead smoke and sulfuric acid. Lead, lead dust hazard level 3; sulfuric acid hazard level 5. Enterprise 1 Irrigation and outside the post-formation of sulfuric acid exposure level (ER) are 4; business 2 cast ball, welding, and through the wall heat sealing position of lead smoke, and lead post dust paste ER are 5; The ER of the boards, plasters, sub-boards and package post were all 5 levels. The risk level of these positions were all severe. Conclusion The Singapore occupational risk assessment method is applicable to the risk assessment of the lead-acid battery industry. Improvement measures should be taken for workplaces with high risk levels to reduce the risk level.