冬小麦与春小麦的杂种 F_1春性是显性,F_2冬、春性分离,其中春性占大多数;F_3—F_4基本稳定。F_1越冬率比春性亲本明显提高;F_3出现越冬性较好的类型。春性和冬性小麦杂交可以获得春播正常抽穗,而秋播越冬较好的类型。杂种 F_1抽穗期比春性亲本晚;F_2绝大多数植株也较晚,有少数抽穗早的;F_3以后会出现更早的类型,连续选择效果明显。秋播时,杂种比冬性亲本明显提早。F_2每穗粒数秋播时少于或接近冬性亲本,春播时比春性亲本多。把冬小麦灌浆快、脱水迅速的特性转入春小麦有重要意义。冬、春性小麦杂交可以选育出早熟、丰产的春小麦品种。 F_1 hybrids between winter wheat and spring wheat were dominant, F_2 winter and spring separated, of which spring was the majority; F_3-F_4 was basically stable. The overwintering rate of F_1 was significantly higher than that of the spring parent; F_3 appeared the type of overwintering. Spring and winter wheat hybrids can be obtained by spring sowing normal heading, winter wintering winter better type. The hybrid F_1 heading stage was later than that of the spring parent; the majority of plants in F_2 were also late with a few early heading stages; the earlier stage appeared after F_3, and the continuous selection effect was obvious. Autumn sowing, hybrids significantly earlier than winter parents. The number of F_2 spikes per panicle was less than or close to that of the winter parent in spring seeding, and more in spring than that in spring. The winter wheat filling fast, rapid dehydration characteristics into spring wheat is of great significance. Winter and spring wheat breeding can be bred early, high yielding spring wheat varieties.