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目的了解昆山市近几年肺结核的流行特征,为卫生行政部门制定有效的肺结核防治措施提供科学依据。方法从传染病网络直报系统中获取2004—2015年昆山市肺结核疫情资料,应用描述性流行病学、季节指数法等对数据进行统计分析。结果 2004—2015年昆山市累计报告肺结核8 032例,年均发病率为40.30/10万,发病率总体呈现下降趋势;5月和9月是发病高峰;城区平均年发病率为57.85/10万,高于郊区37.29/10万(P<0.001);男女性别比为2.41∶1;70岁~年龄组发病率最高,为145.78/10万,20岁~年龄组发病数最多,为3 240例,占总数的40.34%;2008年以来户籍人口的总体发病率高于流动人口(P<0.001),但户籍人口的发病率呈现逐年下降趋势,而流动人口发病率在逐年上升,且近两年的发病率超过户籍人口。结论应加强肺结核的筛查、病例管理与监测工作,同时加大对城区流动人口的健康宣教,减少肺结核的发病。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in recent years in Kunshan and to provide a scientific basis for the effective development of tuberculosis prevention and control measures by health administrative departments. Methods The data of epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis in Kunshan City from 2004 to 2015 were obtained from the direct reporting system of infectious diseases, and the data were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiology and seasonal index method. Results A total of 8 032 cases of tuberculosis were reported in Kunshan City from 2004 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 40.30 / 100,000. The overall incidence rate showed a downward trend. May and September were the peak incidence rates. The average annual incidence in urban areas was 57.85 / 100,000 , Higher than the suburbs 37.29 / 100000 (P <0.001); male to female ratio was 2.41: 1; the highest incidence of 70 ~ age group was 145.78 / 100 000, 20 to the age group the highest incidence of 3 240 cases , Accounting for 40.34% of the total; since 2008, the overall incidence of census register population is higher than that of floating population (P <0.001), but the incidence of census register population shows a declining trend year by year. However, the incidence of floating population is increasing year by year and nearly two years The incidence of surgeries than the registered population. Conclusions Tuberculosis screening, case management and monitoring should be strengthened. At the same time, health education should be stepped up for floating population in urban areas to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis.