研究表明,约25%的肾细胞癌患者获得诊断时已发生了不同程度的远处转移。肿瘤侵袭是转移的基础,血管生成为癌细胞转移提供了有利的途径,而能否最终形成远处转移视肿瘤细胞能否在血液中存活并与远处组织或器官粘附而种植于该处。本文综述肾细胞癌的侵袭,血管生成,免疫逃逸与远处粘附的分子生物学机制。 Studies show that about 25% of patients with renal cell carcinoma have had varying degrees of distant metastases at diagnosis. Tumor invasion is the basis of metastasis, angiogenesis provides a favorable way for cancer cell metastasis, and whether it can eventually form a distant metastasis depending on whether tumor cells can survive in the blood and adhere to distant tissues or organs planted there . This article reviews the molecular biological mechanisms of renal cell carcinoma invasion, angiogenesis, immune escape and distant adhesion.