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土层厚度是影响坡面水文过程的决定性因素之一。通过野外模拟降雨试验(设计雨强60 mm/h),在小区尺度上研究了一个完整坡面上典型土层厚度紫色土坡耕地坡面产流机制。结果表明:对于地表径流,土层厚度为23 cm小区表现为饱和产流,而土层厚度为45 cm和76 cm小区均表现为超渗产流;对于壤中流,土层厚度为76 cm小区以基质流为主,而土层厚度为23 cm小区则表现出明显的优先流特征,45 cm小区则在A层以基质流为主,在AC层以优先流为主。不同厚度紫色土坡面水文土壤学性质的差异是导致小区间水文过程不同的主要原因。
Soil thickness is one of the decisive factors that affect the hydrological process of slope. Through field simulated rainfall experiment (designed rainfall intensity of 60 mm / h), the runoff of purple soil slope on a slope with typical soil thickness on a complete slope was studied on the plot scale. The results showed that for the surface runoff, the soil layer thickness of 23 cm showed saturated flow, while the soil layer thickness of 45 cm and 76 cm showed ultra-seepage. For medium flow, the soil layer thickness was 76 cm The main flow is dominated by the matrix flow, while the 23 cm depth of the soil layer shows obvious preferential flow characteristics. The 45 cm plot is dominated by matrix flow in layer A and dominated by preferential flow in the AC layer. Hydrological and soil properties of purple soil slopes with different thicknesses are the main reasons that lead to different hydrological processes in small areas.