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目的:探讨高血压前期不同血压水平人的大动脉弹性变化。方法:选择年龄相近的血压正常者、高血压前期及无任何靶器官损害的Ⅰ～Ⅱ级高血压患者共239例,分为4组,A组(血压正常)41例,B组(血压120～129/80～89mmHg)79例,C组(血压130～139/80～89mmHg)44例,D组(高血压)75例。应用脉搏波速度测定仪对所有入选者进行同时测定颈动脉-桡动脉的脉搏波速度(C-RPWV)、颈动脉-股动脉的脉搏波速度(C-FPWV)及血压、身高、体重、体重指数(BMI)、腰围、臀围、腰臀围比值、脉压。结果:4组之间的各参数分布有统计学意义(P<0.05);C组与A组、B组的C-RPWV和C-FPWV差异显著,而与D组差异不显著;B组与C组和D组差异显著,而与A组差异不显著;C-RPWV和C-FPWV与性别、年龄、身高、体重、BMI、腰围、臀围、腰围臀围比值、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、脉压(PP)均相关。DBP和PP与C-RPWV、C-FPWV呈正相关,即C-RPWV、C-FPWV随DBP和PP的升高而升高,DBP对C-RPWV的影响要强于PP。其他指标与C-RPWV和C-FPWV的相关性不显著。结论:高血压前期血压在130～139/80～89mmHg范围内的患者已存在大动脉弹性减退,且与高血压患者相当。大动脉弹性随舒张压及脉压增高而减退。
Objective: To investigate the changes of arterial elasticity in human with different blood pressure at prehypertension. Methods: A total of 239 grade Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ hypertensive patients with similar normotensive, prehypertensive and without any target organ damage were divided into four groups: group A (normotensive), group B (blood pressure 120 ~ 129/80 ~ 89mmHg) in 79 cases, 44 cases in group C (blood pressure 130 ~ 139/80 ~ 89mmHg) and 75 cases in group D (hypertension). Pulse wave velocity was used to measure the carotid-radial artery pulse wave velocity (C-RPWV), carotid-femoral artery pulse wave velocity (C-FPWV) and blood pressure, height, weight, Index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, pulse pressure. Results: The distribution of parameters among the four groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was significant difference between C-RPWV and C-FPWV in group C and group A and group B, but not significant with group D The differences between C-RPWV and C-FPWV in gender, age, height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure (SBP) Diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP) were related. DBP and PP were positively correlated with C-RPWV and C-FPWV, that is, C-RPWV and C-FPWV increased with the increase of DBP and PP, while DBP had stronger effect on C-RPWV than PP. The correlation between other indexes and C-RPWV and C-FPWV was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with prehypertension with a BP of 130 to 139/80 to 89 mmHg, there is a reduction in aortic elasticity and is comparable to hypertension. Arterial elasticity with diastolic blood pressure and pulse decreased.