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为了解初中学校儿童不良建筑综合征(sick building syndrome,SBS)、哮喘等疾病的发病率以及室内外环境污染水平和疾病的相关性,在山西省太原市城区初中学校开展了一项横断面研究.本研究采取整群抽样的方法,随机选取10所学校,问卷调查共发放2209份,其中有效问卷1993份(应答率为90.2%).参与调查的学生平均年龄为13岁(年龄范围11~15岁),其中女孩占49.3%.问卷内容包括SBS症状、哮喘及其他相关疾病的患病情况,SO2,NO2和O3环境影响因素的测量通过被动吸附采样,以及多因素Logistic回归分析疾病与环境因素的相关性.结果显示,儿童鼻黏膜炎(17.6%)、鼻塞(16.4%)、喉咙干燥(14.9%)、疲乏(20.7%)等症状患病率较高.室内NO2与鼻黏膜炎、喉咙干燥、头疼、恶心、湿疹症状呈现正相关(比对比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)分别为1.16,1.01~1.33;1.16,1.00~1.34;1.24,1.02~1.52;1.30,1.04~1.63;1.86,1.19~2.90).室内O3仅与医生诊断哮喘呈现正相关(1.36,1.02~1.80).室内SO2几乎与所有儿童SBS的症状呈现显著性相关.此外,室内与室外浓度的比值也与部分SBS症状正相关.本研究表明儿童不良建筑综合征与教室室内外环境相关.
To understand the incidence of sick building syndrome (SBS), asthma and other diseases in junior high school children and the correlation between indoor and outdoor environmental pollution levels and diseases, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban junior high school in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province In this study, a cluster sampling method was used to select 10 schools at random, and a total of 2,209 questionnaires were distributed in the questionnaire, of which there were 1993 valid questionnaires (response rate was 90.2%). The average age of students participating in the survey was 13 years (range, 11 ~ 15 years old), of which 49.3% were girls.The questionnaire included SBS symptoms, the prevalence of asthma and other related diseases, the environmental impact factors of SO2, NO2 and O3 by passive sampling and multivariate Logistic regression analysis of disease and environment (17.6%), nasal obstruction (16.4%), dry throat (14.9%), fatigue (20.7%) and other symptoms were higher in children.Serum NO2 was associated with nasal mucositis, Sore throat, headache, nausea, and eczema showed a positive correlation (OR, 95% CI, 1.16, 1.01-1.33, 1.16, 1.00-1.34, 1.24, 1.02-1.52, 1.30, 1.04, 1.63; 1.86, 1.19 ~ 2.90). Room O3 only with the doctor Diagnosis of asthma was positive (1.36,1.02 ~ 1.80) .SO2 indoor almost all children with SBS symptoms showed significant correlation.In addition, the indoor and outdoor concentration ratio is also associated with some SBS symptoms.This study shows that children with poor building comprehensive Levy and classroom indoor and outdoor environment related.