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“营业自由”在近代中国宪法文本中是流行的关键性词语,自日本传入中国以后,对近代中国的宪法文本产生了深远的影响。近代中国宪法文本中的“营业自由”基本含义有多重表达,且区别于商法所能涉及范畴内的含义。“营业自由”在近代中国宪法文本中出现比较频繁,表明该词语具有其独特的法律功能。从历史演变的角度可以看出,随着国家本位主义营业观占据统治地位,“营业自由”这一宪法性词语在当代宪法文本中不复存在。
“Commercial Freedom ” is a popular key word in modern Chinese constitutional texts. Since its introduction into China, Japan has had a profound influence on the constitutional texts of modern China. The basic meaning of “business freedom ” in modern Chinese constitutional texts is multiple and different from the meaning that can be covered by the commercial law. “Commercial freedom ” appeared more frequently in the Chinese constitutional texts in modern times, indicating that the word has its own unique legal function. From the perspective of historical evolution, it can be seen that as the country-based business concept occupies a dominant position, the constitutional term “business freedom” ceases to exist in contemporary constitutional texts.