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目的了解昆山市两家新转型三级医院护士的睡眠质量并分析其影响因素,探讨改善护士睡眠质量的有效措施。方法采取整群抽样方法,以自制一般情况问卷、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表、爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表(ESS)为测量工具,评定昆山市两家新升等级的三级医院791名护士的睡眠质量及其影响因素。结果 44.2%的护士存在睡眠障碍;不同科室护士睡眠障碍报告率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中急诊/ICU护士睡眠障碍报告率最高(60.5%);不同科室护士PSQI总分及睡眠质量、入睡时间、催眠药物得分方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),急诊/ICU护士得分最高。护士日间过度嗜睡(EDS)报告率为30.8%;多因素分析结果显示不同科室、不同年龄的护士睡眠障碍报告率差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其中20~29岁的护士睡眠障碍报告率最高(48.3%);此外轮班、工作压力、焦虑或抑郁等负性情绪、家庭关系、不良的睡眠卫生习惯、因担心失眠本身而影响睡眠等因素也影响护士睡眠质量。结论转型期三级医院护士睡眠障碍发生率高,应采取有针对性的综合性干预措施,切实改善护士的睡眠质量。
Objective To understand the quality of sleep of nurses in two newly-transformed tertiary hospitals in Kunshan and analyze the influencing factors, and to explore effective measures to improve the quality of nurses’ sleep. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to assess the two newly upgraded hospitals in Kunshan City using the self-made general questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) Nurses’ Sleep Quality and Its Influencing Factors. Results 44.2% of nurses had sleep disorders. The difference of sleep disorders among nurses in different departments was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the highest rate of sleep disorders was reported in emergency / ICU nurses (60.5%). The PSQI score and sleep Quality, time to fall asleep, and hypnotic medication scores were all significantly different (P <0.05), and emergency / ICU nurses had the highest scores. The incidence of EDS among nurses during the day was 30.8%. Multivariate analysis showed that the reporting rate of sleep disorders among nurses in different departments and ages was significantly different (all P <0.05), among which nurses aged 20 to 29 were sleeping Obstacles reported the highest rate (48.3%); In addition, shift, work stress, anxiety or depression and other negative emotions, family relationships, poor sleep hygiene habits, and worry about insomnia itself affect sleep and other factors also affect the quality of sleep. Conclusion The incidence of sleep disorders in tertiary hospitals in transitional period is high. Comprehensive and targeted interventions should be taken to effectively improve the quality of nurses’ sleep.