古语云:“授人以鱼,不如授人以渔。”同样,在初中历史教学中,教师需要加强学习方法指导,培养学生自主学习能力。纵观当前历史教学现状,教师在学生自学能力的培养上却不尽人意。教师往往是重知识,而轻能力;侧重分数,而轻素质。课堂上满堂灌输,学生被动学习。因此,在新课标下,教师应重视学生自主学习能力的培养,为学生创设求知氛围,加强方法指导,发散求异思维,提高学生自学能力。一、创设求知氛围,唤起求知欲望由于历史描述的是过去事件,与学生生活距离远,学生难以感受当时氛围及当时人物的情感。所以,在初中历史教学时,教师应为学生创设生动而适宜的教学情境,再现历史情景,营造求知氛围,让学生深入历史,积极参与认知活 As the old saying goes: “It is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish.” Similarly, in the history teaching of junior high school, teachers need to strengthen the guidance of learning methods and cultivate the students’ autonomous learning ability. Throughout the current history of teaching, teachers in the self-learning ability of students is not satisfactory. Teachers tend to emphasize knowledge, while light abilities; focus on scores, and light quality. The classroom filled with indoctrination, passive learning students. Therefore, under the new curriculum standard, teachers should pay attention to the cultivation of students’ autonomous learning ability, create the atmosphere of seeking knowledge for students, strengthen the guidance of methods, diverge the divergent thinking, and improve their self-learning abilities. First, the creation of knowledge atmosphere, arouse the desire for knowledge As the history describes the past events, and student life is far away, students feel difficult to feel the atmosphere at the time and the feelings of the characters. Therefore, in the teaching of junior high school history, teachers should create a vivid and appropriate teaching situation for students, recreate the historical scenarios, create a climate of knowledge, allow students to go deep into history, and actively participate in cognitive activities