The rheology of rocks at depth remains a key point in earth sciences. Deformation of high-temperature–highpressure rocks from the subduction zone has not been fully studied; in particular, the deformation behavior of eclogites remains poorly understood. This research is focused on the microstructure and fabric of retrograded eclogites from the Hongqiyingzi Complex in Chicheng, north Hebei, China, based on photomicrography, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD) analysis. The analytical results show that plastic deformation occurred in the garnets during exhumation, but they do not show an obvious lattice preferred orientation(LPO). This can be interpreted as being caused by the simultaneous activation of multiple slip systems in the garnets during deformation by dislocation creep. The plagioclases have a special fabric; the(001) LPO presents a maximum in Z direction which can be correlated with a new [100](001) slip system. The misorientation angle distribution(MAD) of the plagioclases in the deformed retrograded garnet augens shows a special bimodal distribution with peaks in both a low-angle range(<40?) and a high-angle range(>140?). In the retrograded garnet augens(i.e. “white eye socket” garnets) the maximum peak moves from a high-angle range to a low-angle range when we analyze only those plagioclases surrounding the residual garnet porphyroclast. Deformation behavior is controlled by the crystallographic orientation of the host grain and the grain boundary sliding process. Hornblendes in different layers and the retrograded garnet augens show almost the same strong LPO patterns, which are correlated with the [001](010) slip system; and MAD diagrams show a peak in a low-angle range(<40?). Integrating recent studies on metamorphism and geochronology, we argue that ductile deformation occurred during the exhumation periods together with retrograded metamorphism. The rheology of rocks at depth remains a key point in earth sciences. Deformation of high-temperature-highpressure rocks from the subduction zone has not been fully studied; in particular, the deformation behavior of eclogites remains poorly understood. This research is focused on the microstructure and fabric of retrograded eclogites from the Hongqiyingzi Complex in Chicheng, north Hebei, China, based on photomicrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The analytical results show that plastic under the garnets during exhumation , but they do not show an obvious lattice preferred orientation (LPO). This can be interpreted as being caused by the simultaneous activation of multiple slip systems in the garnets during deformation by dislocation creep. The plagioclases have a special fabric; the (001) LPO presents a maximum in Z direction which can be correlated with a new [100] (001) slip system. The misorientation a ngle distribution (MAD) of the plagioclases in the deformed retrograded garnet augens shows a special bimodal distribution with peaks in both a low-angle range (<40?) and a high-angle range (> 140?). In the retrograded garnet augens (ie “white eye socket ” garnets) the maximum peak moves from a high-angle range to a low-angle range when we analyze only those plagioclases surrounding the residual garnet porphyroclast. Deformation behavior is controlled by the crystallographic orientation of the host Hornblendes in different layers and the retrograded garnet augens show almost the same strong strong LPO patterns, which are correlated with the [001] (010) slip system; and MAD diagrams show a peak in a low-angle range (<40?). Integrating recent studies on metamorphism and geochronology, we argue that ductile deformation occurred during the exhumation periods together with retrograded metamorphism.