垂线和平行线的教学,是在直线和角的基础上进行的。它主要研究两条直线的两种重要位置关系,是进一步学习三角形、平行四边形、梯形及其他几何初步知识的基础。在同一平面内不相重合的两条直线,只有相交或者平行两种位置关系。相交时只有一个公共点,平行时没有公共点,垂直则是相交的特殊形式。由于学生尚未形成空间观念,对这部分知识不易理解。教学时,要结合学生实际,进行实验,让他们观察、动手、动 The teaching of vertical and parallel lines is based on straight lines and angles. It mainly studies two important positional relations of two straight lines, and is the basis for further learning of the initial knowledge of triangles, parallelograms, trapezoids and other geometries. In the same plane do not coincide with the two straight lines, only the intersection or parallel two kinds of positional relationship. There is only one common point at intersection, no common point in parallel, and vertical is the special form of intersection. Because students have not formed the concept of space, this part of knowledge is not easy to understand. Teaching, we must combine the actual students, experiments, so that they observe, hands, move