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在近地空间(LEO)和深空探测中,航天员遭受的辐射风险主要来自于银河宇宙线(GCR)照射.银河宇宙线的辐射剂量是航天员辐射风险评价的基础.国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)于2013年提出了新的航天员空间辐射剂量估算方法,以更准确给出空间重离子辐射的剂量.基于此方法,开发了宇宙线粒子在物质中输运的蒙特卡罗程序,并在程序中实现用中国成年男性人体数字模型来仿真航天员.采用该程序计算了粒子(Z=1~92)各向同性照射航天员时器官的通量-器官剂量转换因数,并估算出航天员在近地轨道空间受银河宇宙线辐射的剂量.
In LEO and deep space exploration, the radiation risk experienced by astronauts comes mainly from galactic cosmic ray (GCR) radiation.The radiation dose of galactic cosmic rays is the basis for the astronaut radiation risk assessment.The International Commission on Radiological Protection ICRP) proposed a new method of space radiation dose estimation for astronauts in 2013 to more accurately give the dose for space heavy ion radiation. Based on this method, a Monte Carlo program for the transport of cosmic ray particles in matter has been developed. In this program, the astronaut is simulated by Chinese adult male digital model.Using this program, the flux-organ dose conversion factor of an organism irradiated by isotropic particles (Z = 1-92) is calculated and the spacecraft The dose of radiation from galactic cosmic rays in near-Earth orbit space.