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运动疗法是预防和治疗2型糖尿病的重要方法,运动可改善2型糖尿病患者的代谢功能。长期运动可改善线粒体功能、增加其生物标志物,增加葡萄糖转运蛋白含量。急性运动可促进含葡萄糖转运蛋白4的囊泡从骨骼肌细胞内向质膜转运,其信号通路涉及腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶的活化、一氧化氮及钙离子释放增加等。本文就运动改善2型糖尿病患者代谢功能及增加骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取机制的研究进展作一综述。
Exercise therapy is an important method of prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, exercise can improve the metabolic function of patients with type 2 diabetes. Long-term exercise can improve mitochondrial function, increase its biomarkers, increase glucose transporter protein content. Acute exercise can promote the transport of vesicles containing glucose transporter 4 from the skeletal muscle cells to the plasma membrane, and its signaling pathway involves the activation of adenylate-activated protein kinase and the increase of nitric oxide and calcium release. This article reviews the progress of exercise in improving the metabolic function of type 2 diabetic patients and increasing the mechanism of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle.