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目的探讨登革热流行期间本地居民对登革热的认知水平及相关信息需求,以更好的为该病的防治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2012年4月至2015年11月广州医科大学附属第一医院所辖区域诊断为登革热患者128例的临床资料,将其作为观察组;随机选取同期来自同一医院具有可比性的128例健康体检者为对照组。比较两组对登革热临床表现、传播途径和传播媒介、流行期间发热紧急处理方法、具体防蚊灭蚊措施的知晓情况。结果观察组对登革热临床表现、传播途径和传播媒介、流行期间发热紧急处理方法、具体防蚊灭蚊措施完全了解率均显著高于对照组(P均<0.01)。128例登革热患者中,100例(78.1%)知晓登革热除了发热外合并有头痛头晕、皮疹及流涕、消化道不适、关节疼痛等临床改变;106例(82.8%)知晓白纹伊蚊的叮咬是登革热的传播途径与媒介,且了解其主要孳生地为花瓶或池塘水;58例(45.3%)知道需服用凉茶、自行服药等方式处理机体体温升高;60例(46.9%)知晓具体的防蚊灭蚊措施,如针对庭院种植花草注意防蚊,避免养殖易孽生白纹伊蚊的水生植物、使用纱窗蚊帐等防蚊以及外出使用驱蚊水。结论本地区居民尤其是登革热患者对登革热相关公共预防知识有一定了解,有利于防蚊灭蚊、消除孽生地等措施的落实和发病后紧急处理方法的实施。然而健康人群对登革热的防控知识了解不多,需加大宣传力度。
Objective To investigate the local residents’ knowledge of dengue fever and the related information needs during the dengue epidemic so as to provide better reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease. Methods The clinical data of 128 cases diagnosed as dengue in the area under the jurisdiction of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from April 2012 to November 2015 were retrospectively analyzed and used as the observation group. The comparability of 128 Cases of health examination for the control group. The two groups were compared on the clinical manifestations, transmission routes and media of dengue fever, emergency treatment of fever in epidemic period, and the specific anti-mosquito and mosquito measures. Results The observation group was significantly higher than the control group in the clinical manifestation, route of transmission and transmission media of Dengue, the method of emergency treatment of fever in epidemic period and the specific anti-mosquito and mosquito measures (all P <0.01). Of 128 dengue fever patients, 100 (78.1%) were aware of the clinical changes of dengue fever combined with headache, rash, runny nose, digestive tract discomfort and joint pain in addition to fever; 106 (82.8%) were aware of the bites of Aedes albopictus 58 (45.3%) knew that they needed to take herbal tea and took their own medicines to deal with body temperature increase; 60 (46.9%) knew the specific Anti-mosquito and mosquito control measures, such as preventing and controlling mosquitoes against the planting of flowers in the courtyard, avoiding the breeding of aquatic plants prone to Aedes albopictus, mosquito control using mosquito nets and mosquito repellent water when going out. Conclusion Residents in the region, especially patients with dengue fever, have some knowledge of public prevention knowledge related to dengue fever, which is conducive to mosquito control and mosquito elimination, elimination of wrongdoing and other measures and the implementation of emergency treatment methods after the onset of the disease. However, healthy people do not know much about the prevention and control of dengue fever and need to step up publicity efforts.