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目的 探讨百岁老人的膳食种类及主要营养成分。方法 以沂蒙山区 34名百岁老人为对象 ,回顾性调查其膳食种类及主要营养成分 ,并进行系统查体及心电图、B超、血液、尿、头发的实验室检测。其中头发元素含量用中子活化法测定 ,载脂蛋白含量用透射比浊法测定。结果 本组百岁老人的膳食特点是低脂肪、低蛋白、低热量、高维生素。实验室检查表现为头发微量元素铜(Cu)、硒 (Se)、锰 (Mn)含量较高 (P <0 .0 1) ,锌 (Zn)正常 ;apoA1/apoB10 0 比值较对照组高 (P <0 .0 1) ;TC较对照组低(P <0 .0 1)。结论 膳食种类及营养成份是影响体内元素含量的主要因素 ,也可能影响apoA1、apoB10 0 水平。这些物质因素既有助于抗动脉硬化从而预防心脑血管病的发生 ,又有助于正常免疫功能的形成及维持 ,使这些百岁老人避免严重危害健康与寿命的心脑血管病及恶性肿瘤 ,而得以健康长寿。
Objective To investigate the dietary types and main nutrients of centenarians. Methods A total of 34 centenarians in Yimeng mountainous area were retrospectively investigated for their dietary categories and main nutritional components. Laboratory tests were performed on physical examination, electrocardiogram, B-ultrasound, blood, urine and hair. The content of hair elements was determined by neutron activation method, and the apolipoprotein content was determined by transmission turbidimetry. Results The diet of centenarians in this group was characterized by low fat, low protein, low calorie and high vitamin. Laboratory tests showed that the content of copper, selenium and manganese in the hair were higher (P <0.01) and zinc was normal; the ratio of apoA1 / apoB10 0 in the hair was higher than that in the control group P <0.01); TC was lower than the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion Dietary factors and nutrients are the main factors that affect the content of the elements in the body and may also affect the levels of apoA1 and apoB10 0. These physical factors not only help prevent atherosclerosis and thus prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but also contribute to the formation and maintenance of normal immune function, so that these centenarians can avoid serious health and life-threatening cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors , But to be healthy and longevity.