近年来,美国制造业为了应付日益激烈的国际竞争,提高工业竞争力,采取了许多措施,其中主要有三种。第一,为了克服生产成本上的劣势,美国公司将产品制造、组装、应用软件开发等转移到劳动力低廉的国家和地区, In recent years, the U.S. manufacturing industry has taken many measures in order to cope with increasingly fierce international competition and improve industrial competitiveness. There are mainly three of them. First, in order to overcome the disadvantages of production costs, U.S. companies have shifted product manufacturing, assembly, and application software development to countries and regions where labor costs are low.