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本文旨在评述欧洲卫星试验用大型环境设备的现状和研制情况。卫星试验通常按各种不同的等级进行,如:设备级、分系统级和系统级。本文只讨论系统级试验,即整个卫星或诸如结构、热模型和太阳电池帆板这样的大型分系统的试验。文章的第一部分评述卫星进行环境试验的必要性以及简要介绍必须进行的各种试验。第二部分介绍欧洲研制环境试验设备的几个机构。在第三部分,我们将概述欧洲三个通用试验中心(即欧洲空间局/欧洲空间技术中心、法国国家空间研究中心/国际空间公司和西德工业设备公司)现有的或正在研制的环境试验设备。最后讨论了大型卫星环境试验的前景。
The purpose of this paper is to review the status quo and development of large scale environmental equipment for satellite testing in Europe. Satellite testing is usually done in a variety of different levels, such as: equipment level, subsystem level and system level. This article discusses only system-level testing of the entire satellite or large subsystems such as structures, thermal models, and solar panels. The first part of the article reviews the necessity of carrying out environmental tests on satellites and briefly describes the various tests that must be carried out. The second part introduces several institutions that develop environmental test equipment in Europe. In part three, we will outline the existing or under development environmental tests at three European universal testing centers (ie the European Space Agency / the European Center for Space Technology, the National Space Research Center of France / ISS and West Germany Industrial Equipment) equipment. Finally, the prospect of large satellite environmental testing is discussed.