19世纪末期,清王朝经济萧条,政治腐败,阶级矛盾和民族矛盾日益尖锐。在热河省境内,贪官污吏、蒙古王公及洋教势力狼狈为奸,盘剥百姓,再加连年天灾,广大劳苦群众备受煎熬。在这种情况下,劳苦大众奋起反抗,尤以平泉州建昌县一带最甚,被清政府称为边荒多匪之地,特别是清光绪十七年 In the late 19th century, the Qing dynasty was experiencing economic depression, political corruption, class contradictions and ethnic conflicts. In Jehol Province, corrupt officials, Mongol princes and foreign-tyranny forces collaborated with men and betrayed the common people and suffered natural disasters year after year. The vast majority of the working-class people are suffering. Under such circumstances, the laborer and the general public are up against each other, especially in Jianchang County of Pingquan County, which was described by the Qing government as a site of banditry along the borderlands, especially in the 17th year of Emperor Guangxu