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畦灌是应用最广泛的地面灌溉方法,在发展中国家畦灌比喷灌、滴灌和沟灌更为常见。在美国和澳大利亚,由于激光整地技术的应用,土地平整度提高,畦灌方法也因而再度流行起来,现在使用少量劳动力可以使大畦田得到高质量的灌溉。 在发展中国家由于条件所限,实际上还没有大畦田灌溉。然而在这些国家,灌溉畦完全可以做得比现在使用的小畦大得多,而且能获得更好的灌溉效果。 要获得较好的畦灌设计与管理,必须对灌溉过程有一个好的理解和洞察,然而这个过程及其最后灌溉结果是十分复杂的。比如入渗深度就取决于畦田规格(长、宽),灌溉水量、灌溉时间、土壤入渗性质与地面流动阻力等参数。
Irrigation is the most widely used method of surface irrigation and is more common in developing countries than sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation and furrow irrigation. In the United States and Australia, land leveling has also increased due to the application of laser land preparation techniques, so that irrigation methods have re-emerged. With a small amount of workforce, high-quality irrigation can now be applied to the island. Due to the limited conditions in developing countries, there is actually no large-scale irrigation. In these countries, however, irrigates can do much more than the smaller ones currently used and achieve better irrigation. To get a good design and management of irrigation, there must be a good understanding and insight into the irrigation process, but the process and its final irrigation results are complex. For example, the infiltration depth depends on the specifications (length and breadth), irrigation water, irrigation time, soil infiltration properties and ground flow resistance and other parameters.