论文部分内容阅读
近年来,能否通过生物医学方式增强人的道德品质是生命伦理和哲学领域极具争议的话题。支持者认为,这种方式能获得功利主义上的辩护。然而更多的反对者却认为,这是一种不必要的改进道德方式且存在许多伦理困境,如人的道德到底是自然的还是可以人为的,人的德性获得是否有捷径,道德增强后的人是否还具有人格同一性,人的自由如何体现,等等。从目前来看,这些问题还难以获得伦理辩护,道德增强本身的合法性需要进一步反思与论证。道德增强的争论本质上是围绕着道德是否具有生物学基础以及能否被生物医学技术所干预而展开的,其重要贡献是引发了学术界对道德自然主义的思考。
In recent years, the ability to enhance human morality through biomedical approaches is a highly controversial topic in bioethics and philosophy. Proponents argue that this approach can gain utilitarian justification. However, more opponents argue that this is an unnecessary way to improve morality and that there are many ethical dilemmas, such as whether human morality is natural or man-made, whether there is a shortcut to the morality of mankind and moral enhancement Of people also have the personality of identity, how to reflect the human freedom, and so on. At present, these issues are still difficult to obtain ethical defense. The legitimacy of moral enhancement itself needs further reflection and argument. The controversy of moral enhancement essentially revolves around whether or not morality has a biological basis and whether it can be intervened by biomedical technologies. Its important contribution is to lead academics to think about moral naturalism.