美国著名管理学家、近代管理理论奠基人之一的切斯特·巴纳德认为,只要一群人之间形成了一定的心理契约,就可以称为一个组织。而如果按照这个定义来诠释组织,除了我们生活、工作中的公司、工厂、学校、机关这些明显的组织之外,我们身边还“隐藏”着各种各样的非正式组织。 Chester Barnard, a famous American management scientist and one of the founders of modern management theory, holds that as long as a certain group of people form a certain psychological contract, they can be called an organization. And if we interpret the organization according to this definition, we also “hide” all kinds of informal organizations aside from the obvious organizations that we live in, the companies we work in, the factories, schools and institutions.